Security of ubiquitous connected systems (e.g., IoT nodes) has gained more importance due to the growing cost of security breaches. The security of these devices can be easily compromised with malicious physical access due to in-field operation and the recent affordability of physical attacks.

Design of the secure system on chip (SoC) requires energy-efficient and low-cost hardware security primitives (e.g., physically unclonable functions or PUFs, true random number generators or TRNGs, cryptographic cores) to implement hardware root-of-trust and execute cryptographic security protocols. Different design challenges for hardware security primitives are low energy efficiency, high silicon footprint, excessive design margin, robust operation across operating conditions and design methodology.

This tutorial will build up the basic requirements for the design of secure SoC. Different hardware security primitives are then discussed starting from the fundamentals, related design procedures, trade-offs to state-of-the-art implementations. Also, challenges and potential directions will be discussed for future research.