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![Adithya Sunil Edakkadan Headshot](https://confcats-catavault.s3.amazonaws.com/CATAVault/ieeecass/master/files/styles/cc_user_photo/s3/user-pictures/18251_0.jpg?h=45c17877&itok=rBZDk2lx)
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AffiliationInternational Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad
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Recently, diamond color defect based quantum sensing applications such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center magnetometry have emerged in CMOS technology, which use optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) for sensing magnetic field strengths (|B|) from different environmental physical quantities. For ODMR based sensing, CMOS quantum sensors seek an on-chip 2.87 GHz microwave (MW) signal generator. Moreover, in order to sense smaller |B|, these CMOS quantum sensors also require that MW signal should be swept with sufficiently small step-size near 2.87 GHz. In this work, we present a fractional-N synthesizer based 2.87 GHz MW-generator (MWG) with an extremely small programmable sweep step-size for improved sensitivity of |B| measurements in CMOS NV magnetometry. The proposed MWG has been implemented in 180 nm CMOS technology and simulations were done to validate the proposed design. Post-layout simulation results show that the proposed MWG achieves a minimum sweep-step size of 50 kHz, which can be used to sense |B|<0.9 microtesla and exhibits a phase noise of -114.5 dBc/Hz at an offset of 1 MHz near 2.87 GHz center frequency.