An autonomous sensor for honey bee flight tracking that captures and stores solar angle-of-incidence (AOI) without the use of a conventional ADC is presented. Pairs of Angle-Sensitive Pixels (ASPs) are used as differential 1-bit ADCs, and an array of ASPs provides a many-bit encoding of AOI. A novel in-pixel comparator is used, enabling ultra-low-power, direct-to-digital AOI capture. Measurements are stored in an on-chip memory throughout the flight and are uploaded to a base station via magnetic backscatter. The system is powered by on-chip photovoltaics. In trajectory trials, final position errors are less than 5% of the total trajectory length.