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![Abhishek Pullela Headshot](https://confcats-catavault.s3.amazonaws.com/CATAVault/ieeecass/master/files/styles/cc_user_photo/s3/user-pictures/16761.jpg?h=fbf7a813&itok=AOqZCu5q)
- Affiliation
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AffiliationInternational Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad
- Country
The paper presents a sub-nW gate-leakage based voltage and current reference in a single circuit whose reference values are scalable and doesn\'t incorporate start-up circuits or resistors in the architecture. The power consumption of the proposed circuit increases by only 2.1x in the temperature range of -55^oC to 100^oC, unlike conventional voltage/current references where the power consumption increases exponentially w.r.t temperature. Implemented in 90nm technology, the proposed voltage reference (current reference) achieves post-trim typical accuracy of 22ppm/^oC (58 ppm/^oC) and worst-case accuracy of 71ppm/^oC (78 ppm/^oC). Excellent line sensitivities of 0.029%/V and 0.059%/V are observed for voltage and current reference respectively, in a supply range of 1V - 3V. Without any start-up circuit, the observed 99% settling times for voltage and current reference are 1.92ms and 2.526ms respectively. The area occupied by the total circuit is 0.0015mm^2, while the power consumption is 156pW at the typical corner, 27^oC and 1V supply.